Technologies for the 21st Century LSN Supplement

	ATDnet The NGI initiative NGI goals vBNS ESNet NREN MBone Radiology Consultation Workstation (RCWS)
ATDnet	DARPA's 2.4 Gigabits per second (Gbps) metropolitan area network testbed, ATDnet, emphasizes early deployment of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) technologies.
The NGI initiative
NGI Goals	Experimental research for advanced network technologies Next Generation Internet testbed Revolutionary applications Revolutionary applications
Very high speed Backbone Network Services (vBNS)	In partnership with MCI, NSF's Connections Program is developing technology for high performance networking through the Very high speed Backbone Network Services (vBNS) -- technology that will help make the Internet faster and more efficient.
Energy Sciences Network (ESNet)	The Energy Sciences Network (ESNet) is the DOE Office of Energy Research nationwide network that supports open scientific research.
NASA Research and Education Network (NREN)	The NASA Research and Education Network (NREN) is an ATM wide area network (WAN) connecting five NASA sites in a fully meshed topology.
MBone	The MBone, which stands for the Internet Protocol (IP) Multicast Backbone on the Internet, uses an addressing scheme developed at the Xerox Palo Alto Research center (PARC) and the University of Southern California (USC). Many of the tools that make the MBone valuable were developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), part of DOE's National Laboratory system.
Radiology Consultation Workstation (RCWS)	The Radiology Consultation Workstation (RCWS) is a multimedia medical imaging workstation being developed for the electronic radiology environment. It uses a prototype ATM telemedicine network to support radiotherapy treatment planning. With RCWS, radiation oncologists and radiologists will be able to consult with each other prior to designing a treatment plan. They will use a shared cursor that allows them to interact fully while identifying and delineating the relevant physical structures. High quality displays are a key technology requirement.